James f



J. F. RUSSELL.

Lamp Burner.

Patented Feb 1, 1870.

NLPEI'ERS. PNOTO'LITHDGRAPNER. WASHINGTON n C v dlnitrfl some amt cam.

' making a part of this application.

JAMES 1. RUSSELL, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIM- SELF, WILLIAM EDELEN, AND COLUMBUS ALEXANDER, OF SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No. 99,482, dated Fehmzary 1, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and. making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern Be it known thatl, JAMES F. RussnLL, of Washington, in the county of Washington, and District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying. drawings,

The object of my invention is to provide a means for preventing the explosion of lamps, produced by the generation of gas within the bulb or oil-receptacle, and consists in providing the capwith one or more inlet air-ducts, and also with any desired number of exittubes, so arranged with relation to the lamp and each other that, while the inlet-ducts shall be entirely lice from the influence of any current established at the base, and passing up within the chimney, by having their mouths above the base of the chimney, the exit- .pipes shall be entirely within such influence, for the purposes hereina tcr more fully explained.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention pertains tornake and use the same, I will procecd to describe its construction and operation, referring by letters to the accompaning drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a side or -plan view of a lamp embodying my invention, with the-chimney shown in section Figure 2 is a similar view, with thc cone and chimney removed; and

Figure 3, a top view of the cap and pipes.

Similar letters of reference denote like parts in the different figures.

A represents the globe or oil-receptacle, and

lithe cap, which is secpred to the neck of the lamp in the usual manner.

0 is the wick-tube;

D, the. wick;

E, the chimney;

,F, the perforated disk; and

G, the cone of an ordinary lamp.

The cap B is made of such a length above the neck of the lamp as to admit of the passage of the inlettubes Hand exit-tubes I to the space within the lamp. These tubes may be of about the size and shape seen in the drawing, and barely pass through the cap, or they may be varied in design, and enter a short distance within the lamp. The former I have shown as slightly bell-mouthed, and extending up on the outside of the chimney, away from the influence of any currents established at the base of the chimney. They may also be made to serve as guards to protect the displacement of the chimney.

The tubes I are so arranged that their exit is within the controlling influence of the upward current from the base of the chimney, and dischargc'immcdiatcy underneath the flame.

and seal, this It is well known that very many, if not the majority, of the explosions are caused by the rapid generation of gas upon the surface of the oil within the globe, beyond the capacity of the lamp, when an explosion must ensue, with the disastrous-results common in such cases.

By the employment of my device, all liability to explosion is obviated, for as soon as a vacuum is produced within the chimney by the flame, a rush of fresh air from below the base of the chimney at once begins, and continues as long as thelamp burns. This, of course, produces a current, and the exit-pipes being within the influence of this current, with the inletpipes outside of it, the gases which may be within the lamp are discharged from the exit-pipes into the ascending currents, and carried up to the flame, where the are consumed, and assist in combustion. Fresh air continually passes down the inlet-pipes to supply the. space within the lamp, and, commingling with the gases, passes ed as described.

It will thus be seen that there, is less likelihood of gas being generated, as the constant supply of fresh air to the oil-receptacle is calculated to reduce the temperature-and check the generation of gas, but, failing in this, any gases which are generated pass 011 very soon.

I have represented the exit-pipes as connected with a hollow annulus, perforated on its upper face with small holes, a a a, &c., immediately underneath the perforated disk, the object of which is to distribute the air and gas equally around all points of the flame.

Of course thoform and design may be. varied in many respects, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described the construction and operation of my improved lamp,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A lamp, provided with inlet-tubes .H, the mouths of which are located above the base of the chimney, beyond the influences of any currents established at this point, and exit-tubes I, so located as to be fully within the influence 0t any such currents, for the purpose of producing a continuous influx of fresh air to the interior of the lamp, and the expulsion and consumption of any gases generated within, substantially in the manner described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand day of January, 187i). JAMES l RUSSELL. [L. s],

Witnesses:

F. E. ALEXANDER, WM. B. Gunner. 

